The Student Residency dataset is produced annually by the State Higher Education Executive Officers Association (SHEEO) to broaden understanding of state and sector variation in the enrollment and breakout of tuition revenue from resident and nonresident students. Since 2020, student residency data are collected as part of the State Higher Education Finance (SHEF) project and will be published annually.
Over the last several decades, postsecondary institutions have increasingly enrolled out-of-state and international nonresident students. 1 nces.ed.gov/programs/digest/d22/tables/dt22_309.30.asp; National Center for Education Statistics. (1990). Table 189. Residence and migration of all freshmen students in 4-year colleges graduating from high school in the past 12 months, by State: Fall 1988. Digest of Education Statistics. nces.ed.gov/pubs91/91660.pdf National Center for Education Statistics. (2022). Table 309.30. Residence and migration of all first-time degree/certificate-seeking undergraduates in 4-year degree-granting postsecondary institutions who graduated from high school in the previous 12 months, by state or jurisdiction: Fall 2020. Digest of Education Statistics. VIEW ALL FOOTNOTES The increase in out-of-state enrollment has important implications for state higher education funding and policy. Public institutions, particularly research institutions, increased nonresident student enrollment in part to increase their tuition revenue as state funding declined and became less stable. 2 doi.org/10.1007/s11162-015-9362-2 Jaquette, O., & Curs, B. R. (2015). Creating the out-of-state university: Do public universities increase nonresident freshman enrollment in response to declining state appropriations? Research in Higher Education, 56(6), 535–565. VIEW ALL FOOTNOTES Nonresident student enrollment can increase tuition revenue for public institutions in two ways. First, institutions are more likely to have control over setting and raising nonresident tuition rates. 3 sheeo.org/project/tuition-and-fee-survey/ State Higher Education Executive Officers Association internal dataset on state tuition, fee, and financial assistance policies. VIEW ALL FOOTNOTES Second, out-of-state and international nonresident students pay much higher tuition rates than state residents. 4 research.collegeboard.org/media/pdf/Trends%20Report%202023%20Updated.pdf Ma, J. and Pender, M. (2023). Trends in college pricing and student aid 2023. College Board. VIEW ALL FOOTNOTES
SHEEO collects state-level full-time equivalent (FTE) enrollment and tuition and fee revenue for in-state resident and out-of-state nonresident students by sector at public institutions. Student residency data for two-year institutions is not required, so tables and figures show four-year FTE enrollment and tuition and fee revenue by residency only. Two-year student residency data is available for a limited number of states by request. FTE student enrollment and net tuition and fee revenue is not collected by residency in numerous states, so estimated data and missing states are included in the footnotes of each table and figure.
The data summarized in these figures and tables are student residency presented in fiscal years. For example, fiscal year 2023 ran from July 1, 2022, to June 30, 2023 for most states. The corresponding academic year for fiscal year 2023 began in the fall of 2022.
For total state- and four-year-level enrollment and net tuition and fee revenue data on student residency, see FTE Enrollment and Net Tuition and Fee Revenue.
Data Download
Download the complete dataset for all available years of data on student residency at public institutions. The data download includes a table that presents states and years in which they did not report data or provide estimates. Please update any previously saved student residency data using this file, as prior years include revisions that are not captured in previously released student residency tables. Data elements are not available prior to 2020. Please contact Kelsey Kunkle at kkunkle@sheeo.org with questions about the data or for additional variables.
- 2020-2023 Student Residency Data – Complete Download (.xlsx) Last updated July 2024
Student Residency Report
Despite the growing importance of nonresident tuition revenue in many public institutions’ budgets, there is little information about exactly how much of an institution’s tuition revenue comes from nonresident tuition and fees. To fill this gap and provide useful data for states and institutions, SHEEO began collecting data on residency annually as part of the fiscal year (FY) 2020 State Higher Education Finance (SHEF) project. This report provides the first look at a new set of state-level data on tuition revenue and student enrollment by residency for FY 2020 and 2021. All data presented in this report are for four-year public institutions.
- Student Residency in Higher Education Finance, Fiscal Years 2020 and 2021 (.pdf) Published January 2023
The tables in this section provide state-level resident and nonresident FTE enrollment data at four-year institutions. States that reported estimates are noted with an asterisk(*).
Resident FTE
Table 1.1 shows state-level in-state resident FTE enrollment at four-year institutions and percentage change. See the footnotes at the bottom of the table for more detailed information.
Four-Year Net In-State Resident Full-Time Equivalent Enrollment by State, FY 2020-2023
2020 | 2022 | 2023 | % Change Since 2022 | % Change Since 2020 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alabama* | 94,086 | 88,081 | 89,178 | 1.2% | -5.2% |
Alaska | 14,298 | 11,818 | 11,471 | -2.9% | -19.8% |
Arizona | 114,022 | 116,933 | 107,768 | -7.8% | -5.5% |
Arkansas* | 59,283 | 54,717 | 53,721 | -1.8% | -9.4% |
California | 605,391 | 594,252 | 580,619 | -2.3% | -4.1% |
Colorado | 93,397 | 86,065 | 84,672 | -1.6% | -9.3% |
Connecticut* | 32,084 | 29,421 | 36,981 | 25.7% | 15.3% |
Delaware* | 10,707 | 9,525 | 10,687 | 12.2% | -0.2% |
Florida | 263,129 | 260,091 | 253,245 | -2.6% | -3.8% |
Georgia | 224,563 | 219,720 | 216,424 | -1.5% | -3.6% |
Hawaii | 13,482 | 12,913 | 12,367 | -4.2% | -8.3% |
Idaho | 28,387 | 26,027 | 26,031 | 0.0% | -8.3% |
Illinois | 127,019 | 120,021 | 117,690 | -1.9% | -7.3% |
Indiana | 121,982 | 113,346 | 109,974 | -3.0% | -9.8% |
Iowa | 42,466 | 39,670 | 38,595 | -2.7% | -9.1% |
Kansas | 57,045 | 52,841 | 52,377 | -0.9% | -8.2% |
Kentucky | 70,538 | 67,175 | 66,764 | -0.6% | -5.4% |
Louisiana | 103,997 | 99,880 | 97,160 | -2.7% | -6.6% |
Maine | 17,978 | 16,742 | 15,557 | -7.1% | -13.5% |
Maryland | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
Massachusetts | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
Michigan* | 208,452 | 192,140 | 186,070 | -3.2% | -10.7% |
Minnesota | 76,761 | 71,714 | 69,554 | -3.0% | -9.4% |
Mississippi | 45,470 | 44,015 | 42,671 | -3.1% | -6.2% |
Missouri | 80,770 | 68,243 | 70,036 | 2.6% | -13.3% |
Montana | 19,170 | 17,154 | 16,490 | -3.9% | -14.0% |
Nebraska | 37,162 | 36,935 | 36,503 | -1.2% | -1.8% |
Nevada | 38,482 | 38,378 | 38,342 | -0.1% | -0.4% |
New Hampshire | 13,097 | 11,877 | 11,231 | -5.4% | -14.2% |
New Jersey | 150,390 | 143,040 | 142,675 | -0.3% | -5.1% |
New Mexico | 29,617 | 30,126 | 32,094 | 6.5% | 8.4% |
New York | 289,540 | 268,219 | 258,098 | -3.8% | -10.9% |
North Carolina | 184,690 | 185,446 | 179,870 | -3.0% | -2.6% |
North Dakota | 11,215 | 11,034 | 11,303 | 2.4% | 0.8% |
Ohio | 219,708 | 198,069 | 189,722 | -4.2% | -13.6% |
Oklahoma* | 68,871 | 65,417 | 64,958 | -0.7% | -5.7% |
Oregon | 50,950 | 47,768 | 47,584 | -0.4% | -6.6% |
Pennsylvania | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
Rhode Island | 13,584 | 12,154 | 11,776 | -3.1% | -13.3% |
South Carolina | 72,370 | 70,985 | 70,013 | -1.4% | -3.3% |
South Dakota | 15,061 | 14,445 | 14,207 | -1.6% | -5.7% |
Tennessee | 90,818 | 86,896 | 93,086 | 7.1% | 2.5% |
Texas | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
Utah | 85,363 | 85,209 | 84,332 | -1.0% | -1.2% |
Vermont | 7,507 | 6,298 | 5,937 | -5.7% | -20.9% |
Virginia | 154,724 | 150,253 | 149,369 | -0.6% | -3.5% |
Washington* | 85,403 | 76,534 | 72,903 | -4.7% | -14.6% |
West Virginia | 33,723 | 30,329 | 29,210 | -3.7% | -13.4% |
Wisconsin | 100,521 | 94,013 | 91,203 | -3.0% | -9.3% |
Wyoming | 6,911 | 6,491 | 6,385 | -1.6% | -7.6% |
D.C. | 2,419 | 2,070 | 2,257 | 9.0% | -6.7% |
U.S. | 4,284,184 | 4,082,420 | 4,006,903 | -1.8% | -6.5% |
- Full-time equivalent (FTE) enrollment by residency is the breakout of FTE enrollment at public institutions based on state or institutional residency requirements. Medical FTE are excluded, but dual enrollment students are included in state totals.
- In-state FTE includes students that meet state or institutional residency requirements. Out-of-state FTE includes international students and students that do not meet residency requirements.
- Residency data are recently required components of the SHEF data collection and are not currently available for years prior to 2020.
- Four-year FTE enrollment by residency are estimates for Alabama, Arkansas, Connecticut, Delaware, Michigan, Oklahoma, and Washington for one or more years from fiscal years 2020-2023. These states are noted with an asterisk (*).
- Maryland, Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, and Texas were unable to provide complete residency breakouts for four-year FTE enrollment for 2020-2023. These states are excluded from this table and the U.S. total.
- State Higher Education Executive Officers Association
Nonresident FTE
Table 1.2 shows state-level out-of-state nonresident FTE enrollment at four-year institutions and percentage change. See the footnotes at the bottom of the table for more detailed information.
Four-Year Net Out-of-State Nonresident Full-Time Equivalent Enrollment by State, FY 2020-2023
2020 | 2022 | 2023 | % Change Since 2022 | % Change Since 2020 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alabama* | 52,574 | 50,581 | 52,384 | 3.6% | -0.4% |
Alaska | 753 | 622 | 604 | -2.9% | -19.8% |
Arizona | 91,551 | 101,825 | 105,652 | 3.8% | 15.4% |
Arkansas* | 20,832 | 21,128 | 23,084 | 9.3% | 10.8% |
California | 76,362 | 74,633 | 75,125 | 0.7% | -1.6% |
Colorado | 33,917 | 34,298 | 34,524 | 0.7% | 1.8% |
Connecticut* | 24,559 | 24,818 | 31,195 | 25.7% | 27.0% |
Delaware* | 16,452 | 16,935 | 18,196 | 7.4% | 10.6% |
Florida | 34,027 | 37,248 | 40,969 | 10.0% | 20.4% |
Georgia | 49,176 | 54,445 | 56,239 | 3.3% | 14.4% |
Hawaii | 6,844 | 7,581 | 7,895 | 4.1% | 15.4% |
Idaho | 11,533 | 13,036 | 13,361 | 2.5% | 15.9% |
Illinois | 39,245 | 44,570 | 46,064 | 3.4% | 17.4% |
Indiana | 60,459 | 63,100 | 65,545 | 3.9% | 8.4% |
Iowa | 27,176 | 25,075 | 25,520 | 1.8% | -6.1% |
Kansas | 21,453 | 21,108 | 20,784 | -1.5% | -3.1% |
Kentucky | 26,359 | 27,327 | 28,040 | 2.6% | 6.4% |
Louisiana | 17,347 | 20,781 | 21,736 | 4.6% | 25.3% |
Maine | 6,055 | 7,077 | 6,864 | -3.0% | 13.4% |
Maryland | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
Massachusetts | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
Michigan* | 40,454 | 40,533 | 42,060 | 3.8% | 4.0% |
Minnesota | 29,421 | 26,121 | 25,470 | -2.5% | -13.4% |
Mississippi | 24,734 | 23,912 | 24,240 | 1.4% | -2.0% |
Missouri | 31,114 | 28,093 | 27,594 | -1.8% | -11.3% |
Montana | 9,696 | 10,594 | 11,206 | 5.8% | 15.6% |
Nebraska | 12,575 | 11,869 | 11,594 | -2.3% | -7.8% |
Nevada | 9,791 | 8,778 | 8,801 | 0.3% | -10.1% |
New Hampshire | 12,539 | 11,482 | 11,478 | 0.0% | -8.5% |
New Jersey | 16,710 | 15,893 | 15,853 | -0.3% | -5.1% |
New Mexico | 6,929 | 10,071 | 10,107 | 0.4% | 45.9% |
New York | 34,083 | 31,446 | 32,647 | 3.8% | -4.2% |
North Carolina | 31,575 | 33,240 | 35,286 | 6.2% | 11.8% |
North Dakota | 14,744 | 14,264 | 14,042 | -1.6% | -4.8% |
Ohio | 61,421 | 58,773 | 59,874 | 1.9% | -2.5% |
Oklahoma* | 19,713 | 18,722 | 18,591 | -0.7% | -5.7% |
Oregon | 30,799 | 29,014 | 30,256 | 4.3% | -1.8% |
Pennsylvania | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
Rhode Island | 9,024 | 9,363 | 9,359 | 0.0% | 3.7% |
South Carolina | 38,701 | 40,123 | 41,936 | 4.5% | 8.4% |
South Dakota | 11,062 | 10,372 | 10,630 | 2.5% | -3.9% |
Tennessee | 21,328 | 24,052 | 22,457 | -6.6% | 5.3% |
Texas | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
Utah | 17,538 | 19,096 | 20,202 | 5.8% | 15.2% |
Vermont | 10,486 | 10,688 | 10,744 | 0.5% | 2.5% |
Virginia | 50,183 | 50,749 | 53,386 | 5.2% | 6.4% |
Washington* | 26,199 | 25,585 | 24,260 | -5.2% | -7.4% |
West Virginia | 20,687 | 19,818 | 19,645 | -0.9% | -5.0% |
Wisconsin | 41,710 | 42,338 | 43,927 | 3.8% | 5.3% |
Wyoming | 3,802 | 3,259 | 3,179 | -2.5% | -16.4% |
D.C. | 757 | 688 | 637 | -7.4% | -15.9% |
U.S. | 1,253,692 | 1,274,436 | 1,312,605 | 3.0% | 4.7% |
- Full-time equivalent (FTE) enrollment by residency is the breakout of FTE enrollment at public institutions based on state or institutional residency requirements. Medical FTE are excluded, but dual enrollment students are included in state totals.
- In-state FTE includes students that meet state or institutional residency requirements. Out-of-state FTE includes international students and students that do not meet residency requirements.
- Residency data are recently required components of the SHEF data collection and are not currently available for years prior to 2020.
- Four-year FTE enrollment by residency are estimates for Alabama, Arkansas, Connecticut, Delaware, Michigan, Oklahoma, and Washington for one or more years from fiscal years 2020-2023. These states are noted with an asterisk (*).
- Maryland, Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, and Texas were unable to provide complete residency breakouts for four-year FTE enrollment for 2020-2023. These states are excluded from this table and the U.S. total.
- State Higher Education Executive Officers Association
Percentage of FTE Enrollment
The table and figure in this section provide the state-level percentage of resident and nonresident FTE enrollment at four-year institutions. States that reported estimates are noted with an asterisk(*).
Resident FTE Percentage
Table 1.3 shows the state-level percentage of FTE students enrolled at four-year institutions classified as in-state resident and percentage point changes. See the footnotes at the bottom of the table for more detailed information.
Percentage of Four-Year In-State Resident Full-Time Equivalent Enrollment by State, FY 2020-2023
2020 | 2022 | 2023 | Change Since 2022 | Change Since 2020 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alabama* | 64.2% | 63.5% | 63.0% | -0.5 | -1.2 |
Alaska | 95.0% | 95.0% | 95.0% | 0.0 | 0.0 |
Arizona | 55.5% | 53.5% | 50.5% | -3.0 | -5.0 |
Arkansas* | 73.8% | 72.1% | 69.9% | -2.2 | -3.9 |
California | 88.8% | 88.8% | 88.5% | -0.3 | -0.3 |
Colorado | 73.4% | 71.5% | 71.0% | -0.5 | -2.3 |
Connecticut* | 56.6% | 54.2% | 54.2% | 0.0 | -2.4 |
Delaware* | 39.4% | 36.0% | 37.0% | 1.0 | -2.4 |
Florida | 88.5% | 87.5% | 86.1% | -1.4 | -2.5 |
Georgia | 82.0% | 80.1% | 79.4% | -0.8 | -2.7 |
Hawaii | 66.3% | 63.0% | 61.0% | -2.0 | -5.3 |
Idaho | 71.1% | 66.6% | 66.1% | -0.5 | -5.0 |
Illinois | 76.4% | 72.9% | 71.9% | -1.1 | -4.5 |
Indiana | 66.9% | 64.2% | 62.7% | -1.6 | -4.2 |
Iowa | 61.0% | 61.3% | 60.2% | -1.1 | -0.8 |
Kansas | 72.7% | 71.5% | 71.6% | 0.1 | -1.1 |
Kentucky | 72.8% | 71.1% | 70.4% | -0.7 | -2.4 |
Louisiana | 85.7% | 82.8% | 81.7% | -1.1 | -4.0 |
Maine | 74.8% | 70.3% | 69.4% | -0.9 | -5.4 |
Maryland | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
Massachusetts | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
Michigan* | 83.7% | 82.6% | 81.6% | -1.0 | -2.2 |
Minnesota | 72.3% | 73.3% | 73.2% | -0.1 | 0.9 |
Mississippi | 64.8% | 64.8% | 63.8% | -1.0 | -1.0 |
Missouri | 72.2% | 70.8% | 69.2% | -1.6 | -3.0 |
Montana | 66.4% | 61.8% | 59.5% | -2.3 | -6.9 |
Nebraska | 74.7% | 75.7% | 75.9% | 0.2 | 1.2 |
Nevada | 79.7% | 81.4% | 81.3% | -0.1 | 1.6 |
New Hampshire | 51.1% | 50.8% | 49.5% | -1.4 | -1.6 |
New Jersey | 90.0% | 90.0% | 90.0% | 0.0 | 0.0 |
New Mexico | 81.0% | 74.9% | 76.1% | 1.1 | -5.0 |
New York | 89.2% | 89.2% | 88.2% | -1.0 | -1.0 |
North Carolina | 85.4% | 84.8% | 83.6% | -1.2 | -1.8 |
North Dakota | 43.2% | 43.6% | 44.6% | 1.0 | 1.4 |
Ohio | 78.2% | 77.1% | 76.0% | -1.1 | -2.1 |
Oklahoma* | 77.0% | 77.0% | 77.0% | 0.0 | 0.0 |
Oregon | 62.3% | 62.2% | 61.1% | -1.1 | -1.2 |
Pennsylvania | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
Rhode Island | 60.1% | 56.5% | 55.7% | -0.8 | -4.4 |
South Carolina | 65.2% | 63.9% | 62.5% | -1.3 | -2.6 |
South Dakota | 57.7% | 58.2% | 57.2% | -1.0 | -0.5 |
Tennessee | 81.0% | 78.3% | 80.6% | 2.2 | -0.4 |
Texas | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
Utah | 83.0% | 81.7% | 80.7% | -1.0 | -2.3 |
Vermont | 41.7% | 37.1% | 35.6% | -1.5 | -6.1 |
Virginia | 75.5% | 74.8% | 73.7% | -1.1 | -1.8 |
Washington* | 76.5% | 74.9% | 75.0% | 0.1 | -1.5 |
West Virginia | 62.0% | 60.5% | 59.8% | -0.7 | -2.2 |
Wisconsin | 70.7% | 68.9% | 67.5% | -1.5 | -3.2 |
Wyoming | 64.5% | 66.6% | 66.8% | 0.2 | 2.3 |
D.C. | 76.2% | 75.1% | 78.0% | 2.9 | 1.8 |
U.S. | 77.3% | 76.2% | 75.2% | -0.9 | -2.1 |
- Full-time equivalent (FTE) enrollment by residency is the breakout of FTE enrollment at public institutions based on state or institutional residency requirements. Medical FTE are excluded, but dual enrollment students are included in state totals.
- In-state FTE includes students that meet state or institutional residency requirements. Out-of-state FTE includes international students and students that do not meet residency requirements.
- Year change columns show percentage point increases or decreases, not percent change.
- Residency data are recently required components of the SHEF data collection and are not currently available for years prior to 2020.
- Four-year FTE enrollment by residency are estimates for Alabama, Arkansas, Connecticut, Delaware, Michigan, Oklahoma, and Washington for one or more years from fiscal years 2020-2023. These states are noted with an asterisk (*).
- Maryland, Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, and Texas were unable to provide complete residency breakouts for four-year FTE enrollment for 2020-2023. These states are excluded from this table and the U.S. total.
- State Higher Education Executive Officers Association
Nonresident FTE Percentage
Figure 1 shows the state-level percentage of FTE students enrolled at four-year institutions classified as out-of-state nonresident. See the footnotes at the bottom of the table for more detailed information.
The tables in this section provide the state-level resident and nonresident net tuition and fee revenue data at four-year institutions. States that reported estimates are noted with an asterisk(*).
Resident Tuition Revenue
Table 2.1 shows state-level tuition and fee revenue collected from in-state resident students at four-year institutions and percentage changes. See the footnotes at the bottom of the table for more detailed information.
Four-Year In-State Resident Tuition and Fee Revenue Per FTE by State, FY 2020-2023 (Constant Adjusted Dollars)
2020 | 2022 | 2023 | % Change Since 2022 | % Change Since 2020 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alabama* | $14,603 | $14,668 | $13,904 | -5.2% | -4.8% |
Alaska | $4,819 | $4,745 | $4,563 | -3.8% | -5.3% |
Arizona* | $9,737 | $8,576 | $8,959 | 4.5% | -8.0% |
Arkansas* | $7,532 | $7,418 | $7,343 | -1.0% | -2.5% |
California | $4,734 | $3,511 | $2,656 | -24.3% | -43.9% |
Colorado | $10,097 | $10,523 | $11,205 | 6.5% | 11.0% |
Connecticut* | $10,171 | $8,835 | $5,457 | -38.2% | -46.4% |
Delaware* | $27,772 | $24,972 | $22,528 | -9.8% | -18.9% |
Florida | $1,368 | $1,251 | $871 | -30.4% | -36.3% |
Georgia* | $5,592 | $5,119 | $4,564 | -10.8% | -18.4% |
Hawaii* | $5,425 | $5,233 | $4,911 | -6.2% | -9.5% |
Idaho | $8,418 | $8,659 | $8,324 | -3.9% | -1.1% |
Illinois | $10,400 | $10,196 | $8,629 | -15.4% | -17.0% |
Indiana | $8,596 | $8,786 | $7,791 | -11.3% | -9.4% |
Iowa | $10,820 | $11,047 | $10,961 | -0.8% | 1.3% |
Kansas | $7,565 | $6,774 | $6,786 | 0.2% | -10.3% |
Kentucky* | $10,802 | $9,444 | $8,252 | -12.6% | -23.6% |
Louisiana* | $6,570 | $6,299 | $6,698 | 6.3% | 1.9% |
Maine* | $9,010 | $9,039 | $7,020 | -22.3% | -22.1% |
Maryland | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
Massachusetts | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
Michigan* | N/A | $20,791 | $20,854 | 0.3% | N/A |
Minnesota | $12,609 | $12,117 | $11,855 | -2.2% | -6.0% |
Mississippi | $9,443 | $8,947 | $8,588 | -4.0% | -9.1% |
Missouri | $10,491 | $10,148 | $10,583 | 4.3% | 0.9% |
Montana | $5,608 | $5,084 | $4,962 | -2.4% | -11.5% |
Nebraska | $8,747 | $7,957 | $7,631 | -4.1% | -12.8% |
Nevada* | $3,062 | $3,383 | $3,301 | -2.4% | 7.8% |
New Hampshire | $9,848 | $8,890 | $8,359 | -6.0% | -15.1% |
New Jersey | $9,591 | $9,672 | $9,308 | -3.8% | -3.0% |
New Mexico* | $3,588 | $7,064 | $6,690 | -5.3% | 86.5% |
New York | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
North Carolina | $6,201 | $5,888 | $5,560 | -5.6% | -10.3% |
North Dakota* | $9,423 | $10,270 | $10,024 | -2.4% | 6.4% |
Ohio* | $13,683 | $13,138 | $13,203 | 0.5% | -3.5% |
Oklahoma* | $11,713 | $11,768 | $12,082 | 2.7% | 3.1% |
Oregon | N/A | $10,251 | $9,810 | -4.3% | N/A |
Pennsylvania | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
Rhode Island* | $7,412 | $7,657 | $7,002 | -8.6% | -5.5% |
South Carolina | $11,003 | $9,933 | $9,897 | -0.4% | -10.1% |
South Dakota | $10,789 | $9,915 | $10,436 | 5.3% | -3.3% |
Tennessee* | $9,432 | $9,369 | $9,351 | -0.2% | -0.9% |
Texas | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
Utah | $7,264 | $7,143 | $7,089 | -0.7% | -2.4% |
Vermont* | $10,959 | $11,699 | $10,644 | -9.0% | -2.9% |
Virginia* | $9,221 | $8,565 | $8,144 | -4.9% | -11.7% |
Washington* | $8,717 | $10,711 | $11,668 | 8.9% | 33.8% |
West Virginia | $6,715 | $6,677 | $5,933 | -11.1% | -11.6% |
Wisconsin* | $7,515 | $7,367 | $7,382 | 0.2% | -1.8% |
Wyoming | $2,671 | $2,512 | $3,059 | 21.8% | 14.5% |
D.C. | $3,636 | $3,626 | $3,071 | -15.3% | -15.5% |
U.S. | $7,704 | $7,807 | $7,422 | -4.9% | -3.7% |
- Net tuition and fee revenue by residency is the breakout of net tuition and fee revenue at public institutions based on state or institutional residency requirements.
- In-state net tuition and fee revenue includes students that meet state or institutional residency requirements. Out-of-state net tuition and fee revenue includes international students and students that do not meet residency requirements.
- Residency data are recently required components of the SHEF data collection and are not currently available for years prior to 2020.
- Four-year breakout of tuition and fee revenue by residency are estimates for Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, Connecticut, Delaware, Georgia, Hawaii, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Michigan, Nevada, New Mexico, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Rhode Island, Tennessee, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, and Wisconsin for one or more years from fiscal years 2020-2023. These states are noted with an asterisk (*).
- Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, New York, Oregon, Pennsylvania, and Texas were unable to provide complete residency breakouts for four-year net tuition and fee revenue per FTE for one or more years from 2020-2023. These states are excluded from the table for the U.S. average for all missing years.
- Adjustment factors to arrive at constant dollar figures include Cost of Living Index (COLI) and Higher Education Cost Adjustment (HECA).
- State Higher Education Executive Officers Association
Nonresident Tuition Revenue
Table 2.2 shows state-level tuition and fee revenue collected from out-of-state nonresident students at four-year institutions and percentage changes. See the footnotes at the bottom of the table for more detailed information.
Four-Year Out-of-State Nonresident Tuition and Fee Revenue Per FTE by State, FY 2020-2023 (Constant Adjusted Dollars)
2020 | 2022 | 2023 | % Change Since 2022 | % Change Since 2020 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alabama* | $29,790 | $29,406 | $28,409 | -3.4% | -4.6% |
Alaska | $17,577 | $16,102 | $13,477 | -16.3% | -23.3% |
Arizona* | $18,204 | $16,771 | $17,537 | 4.6% | -3.7% |
Arkansas* | $14,183 | $12,759 | $13,817 | 8.3% | -2.6% |
California | $25,859 | $24,934 | $28,190 | 13.1% | 9.0% |
Colorado | $32,620 | $32,532 | $30,828 | -5.2% | -5.5% |
Connecticut* | $24,000 | $20,221 | $16,128 | -20.2% | -32.8% |
Delaware* | $28,492 | $26,041 | $24,532 | -5.8% | -13.9% |
Florida | $12,033 | $11,343 | $10,635 | -6.2% | -11.6% |
Georgia* | $12,016 | $11,051 | $11,163 | 1.0% | -7.1% |
Hawaii* | $9,477 | $9,131 | $8,637 | -5.4% | -8.9% |
Idaho | $15,891 | $15,400 | $14,975 | -2.8% | -5.8% |
Illinois | $17,159 | $16,042 | $16,392 | 2.2% | -4.5% |
Indiana | $27,006 | $26,921 | $26,860 | -0.2% | -0.5% |
Iowa | $25,297 | $23,607 | $23,415 | -0.8% | -7.4% |
Kansas | $21,785 | $18,474 | $18,278 | -1.1% | -16.1% |
Kentucky* | $21,114 | $20,727 | $20,034 | -3.3% | -5.1% |
Louisiana* | $6,570 | $6,299 | $6,698 | 6.3% | 1.9% |
Maine* | $10,440 | $8,627 | $11,795 | 36.7% | 13.0% |
Maryland | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
Massachusetts | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
Michigan* | N/A | $22,290 | $22,739 | 2.0% | N/A |
Minnesota | $19,302 | $19,531 | $19,523 | 0.0% | 1.1% |
Mississippi | $15,264 | $15,087 | $15,016 | -0.5% | -1.6% |
Missouri | $10,491 | $10,148 | $10,582 | 4.3% | 0.9% |
Montana | $16,272 | $15,392 | $15,693 | 2.0% | -3.6% |
Nebraska | $15,228 | $14,068 | $13,701 | -2.6% | -10.0% |
Nevada* | $5,376 | $5,940 | $5,797 | -2.4% | 7.8% |
New Hampshire | $17,131 | $16,259 | $15,707 | -3.4% | -8.3% |
New Jersey | $21,581 | $19,109 | $18,389 | -3.8% | -14.8% |
New Mexico* | $26,527 | $17,685 | $17,703 | 0.1% | -33.3% |
New York | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
North Carolina | $23,773 | $22,126 | $21,056 | -4.8% | -11.4% |
North Dakota* | $13,770 | $14,605 | $14,264 | -2.3% | 3.6% |
Ohio* | $14,255 | $13,707 | $13,826 | 0.9% | -3.0% |
Oklahoma* | $11,713 | $12,813 | $13,357 | 4.2% | 14.0% |
Oregon | N/A | $18,052 | $18,084 | 0.2% | N/A |
Pennsylvania | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
Rhode Island* | $15,450 | $15,574 | $14,560 | -6.5% | -5.8% |
South Carolina | $25,828 | $24,256 | $24,147 | -0.5% | -6.5% |
South Dakota | $11,608 | $11,277 | $9,388 | -16.8% | -19.1% |
Tennessee* | $19,776 | $17,459 | $16,450 | -5.8% | -16.8% |
Texas | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
Utah | $14,659 | $14,337 | $13,105 | -8.6% | -10.6% |
Vermont* | $24,653 | $21,335 | $22,013 | 3.2% | -10.7% |
Virginia* | $24,643 | $23,616 | $22,821 | -3.4% | -7.4% |
Washington* | $16,263 | $10,886 | $11,668 | 7.2% | -28.3% |
West Virginia | $14,679 | $13,451 | $12,738 | -5.3% | -13.2% |
Wisconsin* | $16,555 | $16,340 | $16,477 | 0.8% | -0.5% |
Wyoming | $8,008 | $6,992 | $7,771 | 11.1% | -3.0% |
D.C. | $10,371 | $3,626 | $7,193 | 98.4% | -30.6% |
U.S. | $19,182 | $18,103 | $18,125 | 0.1% | -5.5% |
- Net tuition and fee revenue by residency is the breakout of net tuition and fee revenue at public institutions based on state or institutional residency requirements.
- In-state net tuition and fee revenue includes students that meet state or institutional residency requirements. Out-of-state net tuition and fee revenue includes international students and students that do not meet residency requirements.
- Residency data are recently required components of the SHEF data collection and are not currently available for years prior to 2020.
- Four-year breakout of tuition and fee revenue by residency are estimates for Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, Connecticut, Delaware, Georgia, Hawaii, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Michigan, Nevada, New Mexico, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Rhode Island, Tennessee, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, and Wisconsin for one or more years from fiscal years 2020-2023. These states are noted with an asterisk (*).
- Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, New York, Oregon, Pennsylvania, and Texas were unable to provide complete residency breakouts for four-year net tuition and fee revenue per FTE for at least one year from 2020-2023. These states are excluded from the table for the U.S. average for all missing years.
- Adjustment factors to arrive at constant dollar figures include Cost of Living Index (COLI) and Higher Education Cost Adjustment (HECA).
- State Higher Education Executive Officers Association
Percentage of Tuition Revenue
The table and figure in this section provide the state-level percentage of net tuition and fee revenue collected from resident and nonresident students at four-year institutions. States that reported estimates are noted with an asterisk(*).
Resident Tuition Revenue Percentage
Table 2.3 shows the state-level percentage of tuition and fee revenue collected from in-state resident students at four-year institutions and percentage point changes. See the footnotes at the bottom of the table for more detailed information.
Percentage of Four-Year In-State Resident Tuition and Fee Revenue by State, FY 2020-2023
2020 | 2022 | 2023 | Change Since 2022 | Change Since 2020 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alabama* | 46.7% | 46.5% | 45.5% | -1.0 | -1.3 |
Alaska | 83.9% | 84.8% | 86.5% | 1.7 | 2.7 |
Arizona* | 40.0% | 37.0% | 34.3% | -2.7 | -5.7 |
Arkansas* | 60.2% | 60.1% | 55.3% | -4.8 | -4.9 |
California | 58.9% | 52.6% | 41.8% | -10.8 | -17.1 |
Colorado | 46.0% | 44.8% | 47.1% | 2.3 | 1.1 |
Connecticut* | 35.6% | 34.1% | 28.6% | -5.5 | -7.0 |
Delaware* | 38.8% | 35.0% | 35.0% | 0.0 | -3.8 |
Florida | 46.8% | 43.5% | 33.6% | -9.9 | -13.2 |
Georgia* | 68.0% | 65.1% | 61.1% | -4.0 | -6.9 |
Hawaii* | 53.0% | 49.4% | 47.1% | -2.3 | -5.9 |
Idaho | 56.5% | 51.2% | 51.0% | -0.2 | -5.5 |
Illinois | 66.2% | 63.1% | 57.3% | -5.9 | -8.9 |
Indiana | 39.1% | 37.0% | 32.7% | -4.2 | -6.4 |
Iowa | 40.1% | 42.5% | 41.5% | -1.1 | 1.4 |
Kansas | 48.0% | 47.9% | 48.3% | 0.5 | 0.3 |
Kentucky* | 57.8% | 52.8% | 49.5% | -3.3 | -8.3 |
Louisiana* | 85.7% | 82.8% | 81.7% | -1.1 | -4.0 |
Maine* | 71.9% | 71.3% | 57.4% | -13.8 | -14.5 |
Maryland* | N/A | 58.5% | 56.8% | -1.7 | N/A |
Massachusetts | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
Michigan* | N/A | 81.6% | 80.2% | -1.3 | N/A |
Minnesota | 63.0% | 63.0% | 62.4% | -0.6 | -0.6 |
Mississippi | 51.1% | 49.2% | 47.3% | -1.9 | -3.8 |
Missouri | 72.2% | 70.8% | 69.2% | -1.6 | -3.0 |
Montana | 38.2% | 32.9% | 30.1% | -2.8 | -8.2 |
Nebraska | 62.9% | 63.8% | 63.7% | -0.1 | 0.8 |
Nevada* | 69.1% | 71.3% | 71.3% | -0.1 | 2.1 |
New Hampshire | 37.5% | 36.1% | 34.2% | -1.9 | -3.3 |
New Jersey | 80.0% | 82.0% | 82.0% | 0.0 | 2.0 |
New Mexico* | 42.6% | 65.5% | 106.6% | 41.1 | 64.0 |
New York | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
North Carolina | 60.4% | 59.8% | 57.4% | -2.4 | -3.0 |
North Dakota* | 34.2% | 35.2% | 36.1% | 0.9 | 1.9 |
Ohio* | 77.4% | 76.4% | 75.2% | -1.2 | -2.3 |
Oklahoma* | 77.0% | 74.7% | 74.9% | 0.2 | -2.1 |
Oregon | N/A | 45.3% | 43.3% | -2.0 | N/A |
Pennsylvania | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
Rhode Island* | 41.9% | 36.6% | 35.5% | -1.1 | -6.4 |
South Carolina | 42.4% | 40.3% | 39.3% | -1.0 | -3.1 |
South Dakota | 55.9% | 55.0% | 59.8% | 4.7 | 3.9 |
Tennessee* | 67.0% | 66.0% | 70.2% | 4.2 | 3.2 |
Texas | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
Utah | 70.7% | 69.0% | 69.3% | 0.3 | -1.4 |
Vermont* | 24.1% | 24.4% | 21.1% | -3.3 | -3.1 |
Virginia* | 53.6% | 51.8% | 50.0% | -1.8 | -3.6 |
Washington* | 63.6% | 74.6% | 75.0% | 0.4 | 11.4 |
West Virginia | 41.4% | 40.3% | 38.0% | -2.3 | -3.4 |
Wisconsin* | 52.2% | 50.0% | 48.2% | -1.8 | -4.1 |
Wyoming | 37.7% | 41.7% | 44.1% | 2.4 | 6.4 |
D.C. | 52.8% | 75.1% | 60.2% | -14.9 | 7.4 |
U.S. | 56.5% | 56.8% | 54.5% | -2.3 | -2.0 |
- Net tuition and fee revenue by residency is the breakout of net tuition and fee revenue at public institutions based on state or institutional residency requirements.
- In-state net tuition and fee revenue includes students that meet state or institutional residency requirements. Out-of-state net tuition and fee revenue includes international students and students that do not meet residency requirements.
- Year change columns show percentage point increases or decreases, not percent change.
- Residency data are recently required components of the SHEF data collection and are not currently available for years prior to 2020.
- Four-year breakout of tuition and fee revenue by residency are estimates for Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, Connecticut, Delaware, Georgia, Hawaii, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Michigan, Nevada, New Mexico, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Rhode Island, Tennessee, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, and Wisconsin for one or more years from fiscal years 2020-2023. These states are noted with an asterisk (*).
- Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, New York, Oregon, Pennsylvania, and Texas were unable to provide complete residency breakouts for four-year net tuition and fee revenue per FTE for at least one year from 2020-2023. These states are excluded from the table for the U.S. average for all missing years.
- State Higher Education Executive Officers Association
Nonresident Tuition Revenue Percentage
Figure 2 shows the state-level percentage of tuition and fee revenue collected from out-of-state nonresident students at four-year institutions. See the footnotes at the bottom of the table for more detailed information.